The journal operates under a full open access publishing model, ensuring that all published content is freely and permanently available to readers worldwide without subscription or access fees.

All articles are immediately accessible upon publication, allowing unrestricted reading, downloading, copying, distribution, and use for academic, educational, and research purposes. This approach supports the wide dissemination of scientific knowledge and promotes global academic collaboration.

Authors retain copyright of their published work. All articles are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence, which permits reuse, adaptation, and distribution in any medium, provided that appropriate credit is given to the original authors and source of publication.

The journal does not impose any access barriers for readers. There are no paywalls or registration requirements for accessing published materials.

Open access publication supports transparency in research, increases the visibility and impact of authors’ work, and contributes to the advancement of science and sustainable development goals through the free exchange of knowledge.

The journal is committed to maintaining long-term digital preservation of all published content to ensure continuous and reliable access to scholarly outputs